The core requirement of F-1 status is a full course of study every fall and spring term — dropping below full-time without your DSO's prior approval, or working without authorization, are the two most common status violations.
F-1 status is granted for "Duration of Status" (D/S) tied to making normal progress toward your degree — not a fixed expiration date. Maintaining status mainly comes down to two things: staying enrolled full-time, and never working without proper authorization.
Every F-1 student — this isn't an optional pathway but the baseline set of requirements that applies throughout your studies.
Register for a full course of study every fall and spring term. Limited exceptions to full-time enrollment (a Reduced Course Load) exist for documented medical conditions or a final term needing fewer credits — but your DSO must approve a reduced course load in advance, not after the fact. Never engage in off-campus employment without specific authorization (CPT, OPT, or another approved category).
Maintaining status properly keeps every future benefit available to you — OPT/STEM OPT eligibility, future change of status options, and future US immigration filings generally all depend on a clean status history.
Unauthorized employment is treated seriously — it can lead to removal from the US and can affect eligibility for future visas, not just your current one. Falling below full-time enrollment without prior DSO approval is a status violation even if unintentional.
Keep in regular contact with your DSO, especially around course load changes, addresses, and any planned travel. Report a new address to your school within the required timeframe.
Ongoing throughout your program — not a one-time action.
Valid I-20, up-to-date SEVIS record, and (if requesting a Reduced Course Load) supporting documentation for your DSO.
SEVP
Every student's circumstances are different. Talk to Na Visa for general guidance, and confirm anything status-specific with your DSO or an immigration professional.
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